Mamiya's interchangeable-lens 6x6 TLR — C-series with paired leaf-shutter lenses, bellows focus, 1962.
The Mamiya C3 is a medium-format twin-lens reflex from Mamiya, part of the professional-oriented C-series that turned the TLR into an interchangeable-lens system. Introduced in the early 1960s, it built on the earlier C-series bodies and became a mainstay of the range before the later C33 and C330 models.
It is a twin-lens reflex shooting 6x6cm square frames on 120 roll film, twelve per roll. It takes interchangeable paired lenses on the Mamiya C bayonet, so the taking and viewing lenses are swapped together as a unit, each lens carrying its own leaf shutter. Focusing is by a bellows moving the whole lens board, allowing close focusing, and composition is through a waist-level finder on the ground-glass screen.
The C-series is the interchangeable-lens professional TLR, and the C3 suits portrait, landscape, studio and general medium-format work where changing focal length matters. The bellows allows closer focusing than fixed-lens TLRs, useful for portraits and close-ups. It is heavier and bulkier than an ordinary TLR, and the paired-lens units add weight for each focal length carried.
On a used C3, check the taking and viewing lenses separately for haze, fungus and separation, and confirm the lens-lock and mount hold the paired lens firmly. Extend the bellows fully and inspect for pinholes and light leaks, a common issue on the C-series. Test each lens's leaf shutter and aperture, verify the film-wind and counter, and inspect the ground glass for brightness and the focus travel for smoothness.